Horne–Ostberg Chronotype Test
Take the test1. I seldom strike back, even if someone hits me first.
2. I sometimes spread gossip about people I don't like.
3. Unless somebody asks me in a nice way, I won't do what they want.
4. I lose my temper easily but get over it quickly.
5. I don't seem to get what's coming to me.
6. I know that people tend to talk about me behind my back.
7. When I disapprove of my friends' behavior, I let them know it.
8. The few times I have cheated, I have suffered unbearable feelings of remorse.
9. Once in a while, I cannot control my urge to harm others.
10. I never get mad enough to throw things.
Why does the test measure "Guilt"? Is that a form of aggression?
Buss and Durkee included this scale because guilt is viewed as a form of aggression turned inward—anger directed toward oneself. While it often acts as an internal "brake" for outward rage, it simultaneously creates significant psychological tension and distress.
What level of aggression is considered healthy?
A healthy level of aggression is necessary for defending boundaries, competing, and achieving goals. It only becomes a problem when scores significantly deviate from the statistical norm, becoming destructive to the individual or their social environment.
How does the hostility index affect close relationships?
A high hostility index (composed of "Resentment" and "Suspicion" scales) leads an individual to perceive hidden malicious intent in a partner's actions. This fosters an atmosphere of constant distrust and emotional strain, even in the absence of overt conflicts.
