Yes. Psychology recognizes healthy narcissism, which helps an individual maintain self-respect, achieve goals, and protect their boundaries. It becomes problematic when it turns into "destructive" narcissism, where self-assertion occurs solely through the humiliation or exploitation of others.
Research confirms that narcissism levels usually peak during adolescence and young adulthood, then gradually decline as individuals mature, gain life experience, and develop deeper social connections.
Twin studies suggest that genetics play a significant role in the formation of narcissistic traits. However, upbringing conditions, family attachment styles, and the social environment during childhood are equally crucial factors.
This version of the test is a precise digital adaptation of the scientific NPI methodology. The result provides a reliable assessment of your tendencies, but it largely depends on your willingness to answer honestly without choosing socially desirable options.